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Utility of Regional Trade Agreements: Experience from India’s Regionalism

This paper formulated in the context of the Indian experience in regionalism. In the past decade, India’s trade policy has seen a marked shift towards regionalism with the signing of many regional trade agreements (RTAs). As of May 2011, 13 RTAs were in force, with at least eight more under negotiations. This paper explores whether these RTAs were ultimately of use to Indian traders. To assess the usefulness of an RTA to traders, percentage ratios, like utilization, product-coverage and utility ratios, are generally calculated. Use of these ratios has been boosted by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) assessment of the use of Generalized Scheme of Preferences (GSP) tariff preferences by developing countries. However, the lack of data in official statistics on India’s preferential trade limits the use of this methodology here. Thus, this paper explores an alternative route to find utility of RTAs to the traders...

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